UNITED NATIONS, Oct. 27 (Xinhua) -- Immediate action is needed to stop human rights violations based on sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression, a UN human rights expert said Friday.
"It is unconscionable that people with an actual or perceived sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression different from a particular social norm are targeted for violence and discrimination in many parts of the world," said Vitit Muntarbhorn, the United Nations' first independent expert on the rights of LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) people.
"LGBT people are suffering a crucible of egregious violations, including killings, rape, mutilation, torture, arbitrary detention, abduction, harassment, physical and mental assaults. They are subjected to lashings and forced surgical interventions, bullying from a young age, incitement to hatred and pressures leading to suicide," he told the UN General Assembly.
"More than 70 countries around the world today still criminalize same-sex relations, and in some of them the death penalty may be applied."
Even where there is no law criminalizing consensual same-sex relations, laws on public decency, public order and social peace are used in some countries to incriminate people under the umbrella of sexual orientation, gender identity and related gender expression, he noted.
Muntarbhorn of Thailand said all laws criminalizing same-sex relationships should be removed from the statute books, and no other legal measures should be used to target sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression for the purpose of consolidating power and suppressing dissent.
It was also imperative to remove the death penalty for all cases related to the criminalization of sexual orientation, gender identity and related gender expression, he stressed.
"There is a need for effective anti-discrimination measures covering both the public and private spheres. Not only formal but substantive, not only de jure but also de facto, in addition to the building of a community open to understanding and respecting sexual and gender diversity," said the expert.
To be effective, anti-discrimination frameworks should provide for effective measures to investigate alleged violations, redress for victims and accountability for alleged perpetrators, he said.
Muntarbhorn also expressed the concern that human rights defenders were being increasingly targeted for their work in raising issues of sexual orientation and gender identity.
