An undated microscopic view of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells. Two separate teams of researchers announced on Tuesday they had transformed ordinary skin cells into batches of cells that look and act like embryonic stem cells -- but without using cloning technology and without making embryos. (Reuters Photo)

    BEIJING, Nov. 21(Xinhuanet) -- Scientists and ethicists alike welcomed the news on Tuesday that two teams of scientists had been able to reprogram ordinary skin cells to act like embryonic stem cells, the body's ultimate master cell.

    The new cells bypass the moral and ethical questions of using a woman's egg cell to make a human embryo, which is then dissected to derive its stem cells.

    Stem cells, which scientists hope to use to treat diseases including diabetes, Parkinson's disease and spinal injuries, will be easier to make as well, as human eggs are very hard to come by and the cloning technology needed to make a human embryo has so far proven near impossible.

    Politically, the cells would be eligible for U.S. federal funding without the need for any new legislation.

    "It's a win for science and for ethics," said Richard Doerflinger, deputy director of pro-life activities at the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops.

    "We have a technique that doesn't use women's eggs and doesn't use embryos to make very versatile pluripotent stem cells that are matched to any patient," Doerflinger said in a telephone interview.

    Two teams -- one led by James Thomson of the University of Wisconsin and the other led by Shinya Yamanaka of Kyoto University in Japan and the University of California San Francisco -- reported separate methods, each using four genes, to reprogram skin cells into induced pluripotent stem cells -- iPS cells for short.

    Pluripotent cells, such as embryonic stem cells and the new cells, can live almost forever in a lab dish and can morph into any type of cell in the body, but cannot create a baby.

    Both teams said the cells are not ready for immediate use in people because potentially dangerous viruses were used to deliver the genes that transformed the cells. But they said they could be used very soon to screen new drugs and to study diseases.

    "It is relatively easy to grow an entire plant from a small cutting, something that seems inconceivable in humans," said Azim Surani of Britain's University of Cambridge.

    "Yet this study brings us tantalizingly close to using skin cells to grow many different types of human tissues."