WASHINGTON, Oct. 9 (Xinhua) -- The voyage of NASA's
Pluto-bound New Horizons spacecraft through the Jupiter system earlier this year
provided a bird's-eye view of a dynamic planet that has changed since the last
close-up looks by NASA spacecraft, the federal space agency reported Tuesday.
New Horizons passed Jupiter on Feb. 28, riding the
planet's gravity to boost its speed and shave three years off its trip to Pluto.
From January through June, New Horizons' seven
science instruments made more than 700 separate observations of the Jovian
system, with most of them coming in the eight days around closest approach to
Jupiter.
It was the eighth spacecraft to visit Jupiter -- but
a combination of trajectory, timing and technology allowed it to explore details
no probe had seen before, such as lightning near the planet's poles, the life
cycle of fresh ammonia clouds, boulder-size clumps speeding through the planet's
faint rings, the structure inside volcanic eruptions on its moon Io, and the
path of charged particles traversing the previously unexplored length of the
planet's long magnetic tail.
"The Jupiter encounter was successful beyond our
wildest dreams," says New Horizons principal investigator Alan Stern.
"Not only did it prove out our spacecraft and put it
on course to reach Pluto in 2015, it was a chance for us to take sophisticated
instruments to places in the Jovian system where other spacecraft couldn't go,
and to return important data that adds tremendously to our understanding of the
solar system's largest planet and its moons, rings and atmosphere," added Stern.
The New Horizons team presents its latest and most
detailed analyses of that data on Tuesday at the American Astronomical Society's
Division for Planetary Sciences meeting in Florida and in a special section of
the Oct. 12 issue of the journal Science.
New Horizons lifted off in January 2006. The fastest
spacecraft ever launched, it needed just 13 months to reach Jupiter. New
Horizons is now about halfway between the orbits of Jupiter and Saturn, more
than 1.19 billion kilometers from Earth. It will fly past Pluto and its moons in
July 2015 before heading deeper into the Kuiper belt of icy rocky objects on the
planetary frontier.