LOS ANGELES, June 28 (Xinhuanet) -- A massive but short-time ice or other particle outburst from comet Tempel 1 was witnessed by the Deep Impact spacecraft, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) reported on Tuesday.

    The outburst was detected as a dramatic brightening of the comet on June 22, just days before the spacecraft was to launch a probe to bombard Tempel 1, according to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

    It was the second of two such events observed in the past two weeks. A smaller outburst was seen on June 14 by Deep Impact, the Hubble Space Telescope and by ground based observers.

    "This most recent outburst was six times larger than the one observed on June 14, but the ejected material dissipated almost entirely within about a half day," said Michael A'Hearn, principal investigator for the Deep Impact mission.

    He noted that data from the spectrometer aboard the spacecraft showed that during the June 22 outburst the amount of water vapor in the coma doubled, while the amount of other gases, including carbon dioxide, increased even more.

    "Outbursts such as this may be a very common phenomenon on manycomets, but they are rarely observed in sufficient detail to understand them because it is normally so difficult to obtain enough time on telescopes to discover such phenomena," A'Hearn said in a JPL statement.

    "We likely would have missed this exciting event, except that we are now getting almost continuous coverage of the comet with the spacecraft's imaging and spectroscopy instruments."

    Observing such activity twice in two weeks suggests outbursts are fairly common and significant part of the processing that occur on comets as they heat up when approaching the sun, scientists said.

    Comet Tempel 1 is near perihelion, or the point in its orbit at which it is closest to the sun.

    Deep Impact consists of a sub-compact-car-sized flyby spacecraft and an impactor probe about the size of a washing machine. The dual spacecraft carries three imaging instruments, two on the flyby spacecraft and one on the impactor. A spectrometer on the flyby spacecraft uses the same telescope as the flyby's high-resolution imager.

    The final prelude to impact will begin early on July 3, 24 hours before the 1:52 a.m. EDT July 4 (20:52 GMT July 3) impact, when the flyby spacecraft releases the impactor into the path of the comet.

    Like a copper penny pitched up into the air just in front of a speeding tractor-trailer truck, the 400 kilogram impactor will be run down by the comet, colliding with the nucleus at a closing speed of 38,000 kilometers per hour.

    Scientists expect the impact to create a crater several hundredmeter in size; ejecting ice, dust and gas from the crater and revealing pristine material beneath. The impact will have no significant affect on the orbit of Tempel 1, which poses no threat to Earth.

    Nearby, Deep Impact's "flyby" spacecraft will use its medium and high resolution imagers and infrared spectrometer to collect and send to Earth pictures and spectra of the event. The Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, and large and small telescopes on Earth also will observe the impact and its aftermath. Enditem