HANGZHOU, August 27 (Xinhuanet) -- In tandem with the rapid
economic development and social changes, the barrier of China's
existing household registration system, that restricts people's
freedom to migrate and divides the country into two distinctive
urban and rural worlds, is expected to be broken very soon. An official with the Ministry of Public Security, who is in
charge of household registration affairs, confirmed Monday that a
reform of the existing residence system will be introduced into
all the country's county-level cities and administrative towns
starting October 1. According to relevant stipulations of the reform, non-natives,
who have a legal and static dwelling place, a stable occupation
and source of income, can apply for permanent residence in the
cities and towns where they work and live. The official said that the reform conforms to the need of China
's economic development and the process of the country's
urbanization. Some small cities and towns in the country have already
conducted trial reform in this regard, according to the official. Ningbo City in the economically-developed Zhejiang Province,
east China, has fully reformed the former household registration
system, allowing people to register as permanent residents in
cities and towns where they work and live. Rao Xiangang, formerly a farmer in central China's Henan
Province, was the first beneficiary of the reform. He and four
family members have become permanent residents in Fenghua, a pilot
city implementing Ningbo's reform of the residence system. The city's new household registration system, which is aimed at
localizing non-natives and urbanizing rural residents, allows all
non-urban residents and non-natives, who have a legal and fixed
dwelling place, a stable occupation and source of income, and
their family members to voluntarily apply for permanent residence
in urban areas. Rao has been running a decoration business since he came to
Fenghua City 10 years ago. Last year, he bought an apartment at a
cost of 80,000 yuan. The current residence system of China confines urban residents
to cities and towns with housing, medical, education and
employment benefits, and farmers to rural areas. Under the system,
farmers are denied the benefits available to their urban
counterparts even if they live and work in urban areas. Rao's family now enjoys equal treatment with other residents of
Fenghua City in all aspects. Now, he does not need to pay extra
money for his 10-year-old son to go to a local school, but he had
to pay an extra 3,000 yuan annually in the past. Like Rao, more than 1,000 migrant rural laborers have become
permanent residents in Fenghua City since the introduction of the
new residence system in November last year, sources said. Experts pointed out, Ningbo's reform of the residence system is
a big breakthrough in China's existing household registration
system which was adopted in 1958. The reform in rural areas in China adopted more than 20 years
ago has freed a great number of farmers from farmland, many of
whom settled in cities. Economists pointed out, the existing residence system has
hindered the process of urbanization in the country. By dividing
the urban and rural areas into two completely different worlds,
the old system affected the regional economic integration and to
some extent, curbed the development of the potential consumer
market. For this reason, many places in the country have adopted a
series of measures, including issuing special residence permits,
to encourage farmers to reside in small cities and towns. Some big
and medium-sized cities have also loosened their restrictions on
the inflow of rural labor force. Cities including Shanghai, Shenzhen and Zhuhai have regulations
according to which anybody, who has bought local commercial
property, can apply for status as a permanent resident; Beijing,
China's capital, allows free inflow of technical workers with
senior professional titles. Actually, China has made big progress in urbanizing its rural
areas in recent years. Statistics show that the number of the country's small cities
and towns had increased to more than 55,000 by the end of 1999.
In the recent 10 years, more than 100 million farmers have become
permanent urbanites, and their living standards have improved
markedly. Zhejiang chose 105 small cities and towns to implement the
reform in residence system in 1996. Statistics show that these
pilot cities and towns absorbed more than 400,000 rural residents
in five years, with the population of 80 percent of the chosen
small cities and towns being doubled. China has 900 million farmers, and the number of rural surplus
laborers is 160 million, according to statistics released early
this year. Experts predicted that with the progress of China's
urbanization, 7 million to 8 million rural surplus laborers will
be absorbed by small cities and towns each year in the future.
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